Neuropsychiatric Disorders/PANS and PANDAS

There are numerous studies documenting the connection between abnormal immune system activity and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Following is a list of peer-reviewed journal articles by world-leading researchers investigating infection-induced autoimmune neurologic disorders, including PANS and PANDAS.

JCAP SILVER JOURNAL ARTICLES BUTTON
Evaluation of the Cunningham Panel™ in pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) and pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS): Changes in antineuronal antibody titers parallel changes in patient symptoms

Craig Shimasaki, Richard E. Frye, Rosario Trifiletti, Michael Cooperstock, Gary Kaplan, Isaac Melamed, Rosalie Greenberg, Amiram Katz, Eric Fier, David Kem, David Traver, Tania Dempsey, M. Elizabeth Latimer, Amy Cross, Joshua P. Dunn, Rebecca Bentley, Kathy Alvarez, Sean Reim & James Appleman

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Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease

Jonathan R. Carapetis, Andrea Beaton, Madeleine W. Cunningham, Luiza Guilherme, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Bongani M. Mayosi, Craig Sable, Andrew Steer, Nigel Wilson, Rosemary Wyber & Liesl Zühlke

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Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorder Associated with Streptococcus Immunology: A Pilot Study.

Walls A, Cubangbang M, Wang H, Raiji M, Knight J, Steehler M, Latimer E, Harley EH Jr.

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Neuronal Antibody Biomarkers for Sydenham’s Chorea Identify a New Group of Children with Chronic Recurrent Episodic Acute Exacerbations of Tic and Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms Following a Streptococcal Infection

Singer HS, Mascaro-Blanco A, Alvarez, K, Morris-Berry C, Kawikova I, Ben-Pazi H, Thompson CB, Ali SF, Kaplan EL, and Cunningham,  MW.  PLoS One. March 20, 2015; 10(3): e0120499.

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Clinical Evaluation of Youth with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS): Recommendations from the 2013 PANS Consensus Conference

Chang K, Frankovich J, Cooperstock M, Cunningham MW, Latimer ME, Murphy TK, Pasternack M, Thienemann M, Williams K, Walter J, Swedo SE, and From the PANS Collaborative Consortium  February 2015, Vol. 25, No. 1: 3-13. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. 

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Antineuronal Antibodies in a Heterogeneous Group of Youth and Young Adults with Tics and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Cox CJ, Zuccolo AJ, Edwards EV, Mascaro-Blanco A, Alvarez K, Stoner J, Chang K, and Cunningham MW.February 2015, Vol. 25, No. 1: 76-85. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology. 

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Rheumatic Fever, Autoimmunity, and Molecular Mimicry: The Streptococcal Connection

Cunningham, MW.  International Reviews of Immunology. Jul 2014, Vol. 33, No. 4, Pages 314-329.

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Antibiotic Treatment Attenuates Behavioral and Neurochemical Changes Induced by Exposure of Rats to Group A Streptococcal Antigen.

Dafna L, Cunningham MW, Daphna J.  PLoS One. June 30, 2014; 9(6).

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Brain Human Monoclonal Autoantibody from Sydenham Chorea Targets Dopaminergic Neurons in Transgenic Mice and Signals Dopamine D2 Receptor: Implications in Human Disease

Cox CJ, Sharma M, Leckman JF, Zuccolo J, Zuccolo A, Kovoor A, Swedo SE, Cunningham MW.  J Immunol. 2013 Dec 1; 191(11): 10.4049.

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Dopamine Receptor Autoantibodies Correlate with Symptoms in Sydenham’s Chorea

Ben-Pazi H, Stoner JA, Cunningham MW.  PLoS One. September 20, 2013; 8(9).

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Antibodies to surface dopamine-2 receptor in autoimmune movement and psychiatric disorders

Dale RC, Merheb V, Pillai S, et al. Brain : a journal of neurology. Nov 2012;135(Pt 11):3453-3468.

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Behavioral, pharmacological, and immunological abnormalities after streptococcal exposure: a novel rat model of Sydenham chorea and related neuropsychiatric disorders

Brimberg L, Benhar I, Mascaro-Blanco A, et al. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Aug 2012;37(9):2076-2087.

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Streptococcus and rheumatic fever

Cunningham MW. Current opinion in rheumatology. Jul 2012;24(4):408-416.

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Moving from PANDAS to CANS

Singer HS, Gilbert DL, Wolf DS, Mink JW, Kurlan R.  The Journal of pediatrics. May 2012;160(5):725-731.

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From Research Subgroup to Clinical Syndrome: Modifying the PANDAS Criteria to Describe PANS (Pediatric Acute-onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome)

Swedo SE, J.F. Leckman, and N.R. Rose. . Pediatric Therapeutics 2. 2012.

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Acute postinfectious movement and psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents

Mink J, Kurlan R.  Journal of child neurology. Feb 2011;26(2):214-217.

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Streptococcal upper respiratory tract infections and exacerbations of tic and obsessive-compulsive symptoms: a prospective longitudinal study

Leckman JF, King RA, Gilbert DL, et al.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Feb 2011;50(2):108-118 e103.

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Protein array profiling of tic patient sera reveals a broad range and enhanced immune response against Group A Streptococcus antigens

Bombaci M, Grifantini R, Mora M, et al.  PloS one. 2009;4(7):e6332.

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Neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection: a case-control study among privately insured children

Leslie DL, Kozma L, Martin A, et al.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Oct 2008;47(10):1166-1172.

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Therapeutic response to plasmapheresis in four cases with obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorder triggered by streptococcal infections

Besiroglu L, Agargun MY, Ozbebit O, Sozen M, Dilek I, Gulec M.  Turk psikiyatri dergisi = Turkish journal of psychiatry. Fall 2007;18(3):270-276.

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Tubulin is a neuronal target of autoantibodies in Sydenham’s chorea

Kirvan CA, Cox CJ, Swedo SE, Cunningham MW. J Immunol. Jun 1 2007;178(11):7412-7421.

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Psychosocial stress predicts future symptom severities in children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome and/or obsessive-compulsive disorder

Lin H, Katsovich L, Ghebremichael M, et al.  Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines. Feb 2007;48(2):157-166.

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Identification of pyruvate kinase as an antigen associated with Tourette syndrome.

Kansy JW, Katsovich L, McIver KS, et al.  Dec 2006;181(1-2):165-176.

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Antibody-mediated neuronal cell signaling in behavior and movement disorders

Kirvan CA, Swedo SE, Snider LA, Cunningham MW. Journal of neuroimmunology. Oct 2006;179(1-2):173-179.

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Streptococcal modulation of cellular invasion via TGF-beta1 signaling

Wang B, Li S, Southern PJ, Cleary PP. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Feb 14 2006;103(7):2380-2385.

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Incidence of anti-brain antibodies in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder

Dale RC, Heyman I, Giovannoni G, Church AW.  The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science. Oct 2005;187:314-319.

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Association of common cold with exacerbations in pediatric but not adult patients with tic disorder: a prospective longitudinal study

Hoekstra PJ, Manson WL, Steenhuis MP, Kallenberg CG, Minderaa RB.  Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology. Apr 2005;15(2):285-292.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and Tourette’s syndrome

Muller N, Riedel M, Blendinger C, Oberle K, Jacobs E, Abele-Horn M.  Psychiatry research. Dec 15 2004;129(2):119-125.

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Nasal associated lymphoid tissue & M cells, a window to persistent streptococcal infections

Cleary PP, Zhang Y, Park HS. . The Indian journal of medical research. May 2004;119 Suppl:57-60.

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Lack of effect of intravenous immunoglobulins on tics: a double-blind placebo-controlled study

Hoekstra PJ, Minderaa RB, Kallenberg CG.  The Journal of clinical psychiatry. Apr 2004;65(4):537-542.

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Anti-brain antibodies in PANDAS versus uncomplicated streptococcal infection

Pavone P, Bianchini R, Parano E, et al.  Pediatric neurology.Feb 2004;30(2):107-110.

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Detecting pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder and tics

Murphy TK, Sajid M, Soto O, et al.  Biological psychiatry. Jan 1 2004;55(1):61-68.

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Striatal encephalitis after varicella zoster infection complicated by Tourettism

Dale RC, Church AJ, Heyman I.  Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society. Dec 2003;18(12):1554-1556.

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Mimicry and autoantibody-mediated neuronal cell signaling in Sydenham chorea

Kirvan CA, Swedo SE, Heuser JS, Cunningham MW.  Nature medicine. Jul 2003;9(7):914-920.

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Tourette’s syndrome: a cross sectional study to examine the PANDAS hypothesis

Church AJ, Dale RC, Lees AJ, Giovannoni G, Robertson MM.  Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. May 2003;74(5):602-607.

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Development of the Yale Children’s Global Stress Index (YCGSI) and its application in children and adolescents with Tourette’s syndrome and obsessive-compulsive disorder

Findley DB, Leckman JF, Katsovich L, et al.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.Apr 2003;42(4):450-457.

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Prospective identification and treatment of children with pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder associated with group A streptococcal infection (PANDAS)

Murphy ML, Pichichero ME.  Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine. Apr 2002;156(4):356-361.

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The PANDAS subgroup: recognition and treatment

Swedo SE, Garvey M, Snider L, Hamilton C, Leonard HL. CNS spectrums. May 2001;6(5):419-422, 425-416.

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An open trial of plasma exchange in childhood-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder without post-streptococcal exacerbations

Nicolson R, Swedo SE, Lenane M, et al.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Oct 2000;39(10):1313-1315.

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Relationship between asymptomatic carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and the ability of the strains to adhere to and be internalised by cultured epithelial cells

Sela S, Neeman R, Keller N, Barzilai A. . Journal of medical microbiology. Jun 2000;49(6):499-502.

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MRI assessment of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder or tics associated with streptococcal infection

Giedd JN, Rapoport JL, Garvey MA, Perlmutter S, Swedo SE.  The American journal of psychiatry. Feb 2000;157(2):281-283.

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Therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin for obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorders in childhood

Perlmutter SJ, Leitman SF, Garvey MA, et al.  Lancet. Oct 2 1999;354(9185):1153-1158.

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Postinfectious and other forms of obsessive-compulsive disorder

Leonard HL, Swedo SE, Garvey M, et al.  Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America. Jul 1999;8(3):497-511.

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Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections: clinical description of the first 50 cases.

Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Garvey M, et al.  The American journal of psychiatry. Feb 1998;155(2):264-271.

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Neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood: Tourette’s syndrome as a model

Cohen DJ, Leckman JF, Pauls D. Acta Paediatr Suppl. Jul 1997;422:106-111.

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Speculations on antineuronal antibody-mediated neuropsychiatric disorders of childhood

Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Kiessling LS.Pediatrics.Feb 1994;93(2):323-326.

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Developmental psychopathology and neurobiology of Tourette’s syndrome

Cohen DJ, Leckman JF.  Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Jan 1994;33(1):2-15.

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Psychiatric manifestations of Lyme borreliosis

Fallon BA, Nields JA, Parsons B, Liebowitz MR, Klein DF.  The Journal of clinical psychiatry.Jul 1993;54(7):263-268.

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The Emotional Correlates of Sydenham’s Chorea

Freeman JM, Aron AM, Collard JE, Mackay MC.  Pediatrics. Jan 1965;35:42-49.

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Obsessional Disorder and Neurological Illness

Grimshaw L. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. Jun 1964;27:229-231.

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A psychosomatic study of eight children with Sydenham’s chorea

Chapman AH, Pilkey L, Gibbons MJ. Pediatrics. Apr 1958;21(4):582-595.

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The relationship of Sydenham’s chorea to infection with group A streptococci

Taranta A, Stollerman GH. The American journal of medicine.Feb 1956;20(2):170-175.

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